Churn



ATENT OFFICE- JONATHAN O. MOODY, OF JOHNSONS STATION, INDIANA.

CHU

ESPECIPICATION forming part of Letters Patent NO. 322,742, dated July 21, 1885.

Application filed May 6, 1885. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JONATHAN C. Moonv, a citizen of the United States, residing at J ohnsons Station, in the county of Randolph and State of Indiana, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Ohurns; and I do hereby declare the following to be afull, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same. 7

My invention relates to that class of churns having revolving dashers.

My invention consists in combining a reservoir for containing the cream having a jacket-frame, with an open space between -the jacket and the reservoir,with a revolving dasher and shaft operated by geared wheels propelled by a coiled spring and provided with devices for disconnecting the gearing and regulating the motion of the same.

1n the drawings, Figure lis a transverse vertical section of the body of the churn. Fig. 2 is an end elevation of the churn with the central portion of the cap-frame cutaway and showing the operative gearing. Fig. 8 is a longitudinal vertical section of one end of the churn, in which is shown the relative po sitions of the gearing and its connections and the attachment of the same to the head of the churn. Fig. 4. is a top plan View of the dasher with one end broken off.

In Fig. 1, A represents the wall of the creamreservoir, preferably made of sheet metal. a is the outer framing, corresponding in form with the cream-reservoir, with a space, b, between them, the whole inclosed with a removable lid or cover, 13. A shaft, 0, having its ends journaled in the heads of the churn, is provided with wings d 11, forming the dasher of the churn; and it are legs which support the churn.

In Fig. 2, e 6 represent a cap-frame, (shown also in Fig. 3, and cut away in Fig. 2 to disclose a coiled spring, 9,) secured to the head of the churn at D and connected to a shaft, it, upon which is a spur-wheel, h, which engages with a pinion-wheel, k, on ashaft, 7a, which is connected with or made a part of the dashershaft 0. The cap-frame e is secured to the head of the churn by screws, or in any suitable manner, and is provided with holes to receive the outer ends of the shafts or journals h k, forming bearings for the same.

0 0 are brackets by which the legs it are at- 5 5 tached to the body of the churn.

p is a plug fitted into an opening in the head of the churn, which communicates with the space Z) for drawing off hot or cold water with which the space I) may be filled to regulate the temperature of the cream in the creamreservoir.

Z is a shifting-lever, forked at one end to clutch the hub of the pin-ion 7c and pivoted at a, near its center, the'outer end resting on a horizontal projection of a bracket, m, and is. usedto throw the pinion is into or out of gear or mesh with the spur-wheel h by sliding said pinion laterally on its shaft is, as shown in dotted lines in Fig. 3. A curved stop-arm,j, Fig. 2, is hinged to the cap-frame at x, and serves to catch the cog of the spur-wheel hand hold the same at any required point. The shaft or journal 0 is detachable from the dasher-shaft c, and the latter may be taken out of 7 the reservoir and replaced, as may be desired. A curved rod, 1', is held vertically in abracket, t, which is attached to the cap-frame, e, the lower end of said rod resting on the shaft is. A spiral spring surrounds the rod r, the lower end of which rests upon a shoulder of said rod, and the upper end of the spring resting against theunder side of the bracket 1., the force of the spring tending to produce a pressure upon the shaft k, which may be regulated by the nut s on the rod 1* resting upon the upper surface of the bracket 15. The wings d dof the dasher are inserted in the shaft 0 at a slight angle from the plane of the shaft, giving them a tendency to move the cream toward the ceno ter in their revolutions.

Having thus fully described my said improvements, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

In a churn operated by a coiled spring and 5 cog-wheels, the jacket-frame a, reservoir A, shaft 0, wings d d, coiled spring 9, wheels hk, lever'l, and stop-arm j, combined and operating in the manner and for the purposes herein set forth and described.

In testimony whereof I alfix my signature in presence of two witnesses. I

JONATHAN O. MOODY.

Witnesses: I

W. T. DENNIs, J. R. PARKER.

form of a flattened globe.

NlTED STATES PATENT' OFFICE.

OTTO A. MOSES, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

HOLDER F OR INCANDESGENT ELECTRIC LIGHTS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 322,744, dated July 21, 1885.

Application filed January 14, 1885.

To all whom; it may concern.-

Be it known that I, Or'ro A. MosEs, acitizen of the United States, residing at New York, in the county and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Holders for Incandescent Electric Lights, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to the class of devices employed for supporting incandescent electric lights and placing the conductors leading to the filament in connection with the main-line conductors of the system in which the lights are employed.

The object of the invention is to provide simple and efficientmeans for supporting a light in the desired position,to so organize the various parts that the circuit connections through the same may be readily made and interrupted, and to afford ready access to the conductors.

The invention consists in constructing the parts in substantially the following manner: The holder is designed to be screwed to the permanent fixture, which may be constructed especially for the purpose, or, as is more frequently the case, may be the end of an ordinary gas-tube through which the main-line conductors are led. The ends of these con ductors are designed to be coupled with conductors leading to the light, audit is essential that the points where the two sets of conductors are united should be protected. A suitable inclosing case or globe is therefore applied to theend of the fixture. The case is preferably spherical in form, or else in the This case is constructed in two sections, designed to be united with each other by being screwed together through the horizontal plane which constitutes the dividing-line of the two sections. Within the case there is inserted a safety-plug or catch through which the connections of one of the conductors are completed. This conductor is then led to a central contact-point, which is designed to be placed in electrical connection with a corresponding point secured to the globe of the lamp,and constitutes one terminal of the filament. The remaining incoming conductor is connected through a suitable circuit-interrupter with a contact-point sur- (No model.)

rounding the first-named contact-point. corresponding contact is provided upon the globe to which this is applied. This second or annular contact is preferably constructed from a ring or cylinder ofmetal by being cut through along its upper portion in a plane at right angles to the axis of the ring, leaving" annular contact to which it is applied, it will yield slightly, and if turned while pressing against the upper plate it will permit a frictional contact to be made.

One or the other of the central contacts may be constructed to yield when pressed against its corresponding contact-point, if it is so desired.

The two sets of contacts may be conveniently referred to hereinafter as the holder-contacts and the lamp-contacts.

The two lamp-contacts are inserted in the upper portion or neck of abell-shaped holder, to which the globe or chamber of the light is directly applied. This bell-shaped holder is provided with a screw-thread, and likewise the extremity of the case containing the upper contacts is threaded. The two parts may thus be securely screwed together with the respective contacts pressing against each other. By turning the globe slightly the contactpoints are allowed to separate. The bellshaped portion of the holder surrounds the neck of the globe and is secured thereto by being partially filled with plaster-of-paris or other similar materiahin which the neck of the globe is embedded. i

It has been customary to secure glass objects to holders by means of plaster-of-paris entering annular grooves formed in the glass; but such form of joint, while serviceable for the purpose of holding the two parts together and resisting longitudinal strain, is very liable to become loosened when any attempt is made to twist orturn the one part against a resistance applied to the other.

In screwing the electric lamps into their 322,744 I, V a

tions 6 and c fit the one over the other at their adjacent edges, and are secured to the support 0. Applied to these holder-contacts d and (Z respectively, are two lamp-contacts, h and if, the former being annular and the latter a central point. The annular contact h is preferably a solidring. When this ring is pressed against thecorresponding contact d, the latter yields sufficiently to insure that the point h shall be brought against the corresponding point, d. The contacts h and h are supported in a plug, H, of insulating material, and this fits tightly in the stem of the bell-shaped holder K, which is applied to the neck of the globe P. When the holder Kis turned, it causes the plug H to be brought toward the plug D and the respective contacts to be pressed against each other. The turning of the lampcontacts with reference to the holdercontacts serves to insure a reliable electrical connection between them. The contact (1 is preferably rounded or pointed slightly, while the corresponding point, h, is concave to permit the former to enter. The neck 1) of the globe P of the light is held securely' to the bell-shaped holder K by being embedded in plaster-of-paris, or in any other suit-able manner.

The conductors Z and 1*, leading from the ends of the filaments of the light, are connected, respectively, with the contacts h and h", and it will be apparent, therefore, that when the contact-points are in connection with each other the circuit will be completed from the conductor L through the filament to the conductor L. By turning the globe P or the holder K in one direction the contacts will be separated, and by turning it in the opposite direction they will be placed against each other, so that the circuit may be thus readily completed and interrupted at will.

In practice it is usually preferable, for the purpose of making and interrupting the connections, to employ the circuit-interrupting key or switch 0 which has already been described.

The inner surface of the plaster-of-paris or other material which may be used in securing the globe to the portion of the holder K constitutes a reflecting-surface for the light. This may be assisted by coating the portion of the globe which is thus covered by the plaster-ofparis with a reflecting-film-such as silverfor the purpose of intensifying the light derived from the lamp.

There are preferably formed in the neck of the globe one or more indentations or depressions, as shown at and k which receive the plaster-ofparis and prevent the .two parts from turning with reference to each other.

It may be desirable in some instances to form the contact d so that it will yield to the pressure of the contact-point h. This will be readily accomplished by the employment of a device such as is illustrated in Fig. 5, in which a spiral spring, 1', surrounds a movable plug, 9- of conducting material, the latter constituting the contact point. The spring normally tends to press the point forward, but by the pressure of the corresponding point, 8 it will be moved upward to as great a distance as may be necessary. The extremity of the globe or contact r" is,-in this construction, preferably convex, while the corresponding extremity of the cont-act s is concave.

I claim as my invention- 1. A holder for incandescent electric lamps, consisting of the combination, substantiallyas hereinbefore set forth, of a separable inclosing-case through which the main conductors are led and within which the attachments with the light-conductors are made, two contactpoints contained within and respectively connected with conductors leading from said case, a second pair of contacts, a holder permanently secured to the la1np,in which the last-namedcontacts are supported, and a screw-coupling, substantially such as described, for binding said case and holder together, With the correspondin g contacts pressing against each other, which contacts are separated by unscrewing said coupling.

2. The combination, substantially as hereinbefore set forth, of the non-conducting support, the yielding annular contacts consisting of a tube having its end partially separated, and the central contact supported upon said non conducting support, the incandescent lamp, the holder secured to the neck of the same, the annular and the central contacts carried by said holder, and means, substantially such as described, for placing said annular contacts and said central contacts against each other, respectively.

3. The combination, substantially as hereinbefore set forth, of the plate G, the strip 9, the inclosing-case E, formed in two sections, e and e, and means, substantially such as described, for securing electrical connections through the filament of an incandescent electric light.

4. In an incandescent electric-light holder, an annular contact-plate, a central contactplate within the same, a second annular contact formed by a spiral strip of conducting material, and a second central contact-point, all organized substantially as described.

5. In an incandescent electric-light holder, the combination, substantially as hereinbefore set forth, with two annular contacts, of a rigid contact within the circle of one of said annular contacts, and a yielding contact within the circle of the other annular contact, consisting of a solid contact-surface carried upon a yielding spring, substantially as described.

6. In an incandescent electric-light holder, the combination, substantially as hereinbefore set forth, of means, substantially such as described, for connecting the main-line conductor with conductors leading to the light, an inclosing-case for shielding the points of attachment of the two sets of conductors, consisting of the section c and the section 6, having the screw-threaded neck 6 and a non-conducting support to which the two sections are secured, substantially as described, and the holder K, having a screw-threaded neck, substantially as described.

7. The combination, substantially as hereinbefore set forth, of the inclosing-case formed in two sections, the non-conducting support to which they are secured, the supply conductors, the contact-point to which one of said conductors leads, the annular contact to which the remaining conductor leads, the circuitcontroller inserted in the last-named conductor, consisting of the two flexible springs, and the cam whereby the two springs may be placed in connection or separated from each other.

8. The combination, substantially as hereinbefore set forth, with the holder for an incandescent electric lamp, of the neck of the globe of the lamp, having one or more depressions formed in but not extending around the neck, a seal of plaster-of-paris or equivalent material surrounding the neck and filling the depressions and securing the globe to the holder.

9. In an incandescent electric-lamp ho1der, the combination of the strip the removable cap I), having the eyelets 12 b and the posts b and b.

10. In an incandescent electric-lamp holder, the combination of the cap I), having a groove formed in its surface, the fusible strip 9, lying within said groove, and the eyelets b", with which the respective ends of said strip are connected.

11. In an incandescent electric-lamp holder, an interchangeable safety-strip, consisting of a non-conducting support, two annular conducting-surfaces supported thereby, and a fusible strip connecting said surfaces, substantially as described.

12. A globe for incandescent electric lights, having its neck integral therewith, and having one or more indentations formed in the 45 sides of its neck, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto subscribed my name this 5th day of January, A.

Witnesses: OTTO A. MOSES.

CARRIE E. DAVIDSON, CHARLES A. TERRY. 

